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Chester Township Public Schools Mathematics The National Council of Teachers of Mathematics Curriculum and Evaluation Standards provide educators with goals for school mathematics and guidelines for achieving these goals. The fifty-four standards are presented as a vision for school mathematics based on societal goals, student goals, research on teaching and learning, and professional guidelines. Algebra I Extended Learner The Foundations of Learning curriculum provides objectives for ninth grade students. |
| Algebraic Concepts |
| The Algebraic Concepts Unit includes Competencies/Objectives which focus on algebraic equations and operations. This unit includes studying number systems, operations, and forms. Students explore the symbolic nature of algebraic concepts by identifying and extending patterns in algebra, by following algebraic procedures, and by proving theorems with properties. |
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Properties: Number Sense
The learner will be able to identify, classify, and compare whole numbers, integers, rational numbers, irrational numbers, and field properties of the real number system with regard to structural characteristics, and build logical arguments using these properties. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Polynomials/Factoring: Relationships
The learner will be able to demonstrate an understanding of the inverse relationship between multiplying binomials and factoring polynomials. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Polynomials: Applying Exponential Laws
The learner will be able to apply the laws of exponents to prove the validity of the simplification of a given polynomial expression. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Variables: Problem Solving
The learner will be able to represent situations that involve variable quantities with expressions, equations, and inequalities by setting up number sentences and performing basic operations with rational algebraic expressions and absolute value. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Systems of Equations: Addition
The learner will be able to identify, apply, and analyze steps toward solving a system of equations by addition. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Connecting: Algebra/Geometry
The learner will be able to determine the relationships between number sentences and lines on the Cartesian plane (numerical coefficients, slopes, y-intercepts). (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Connecting: Algebra/Geometry
The learner will be able to apply geometric concepts to solve problems in algebra by determining equations of a line (given the graph of the line), by solving quadratic equations by graphing, by solving systems of equations through graphing, by analyzing range, domain, odd/even, relation-functions, zeros of a function, and x and y intercepts, and by exploring relationships. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Problem Solving: Manipulatives
The learner will be able to demonstrate an understanding of equations by reading or listening to a given scenario, and creating manipulatives to represent the scenario, (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Number Sentences: Represent/Real-World
The learner will be able to explain why a specific number sentence corresponds to a given scenario using manipulatives, graphs, and diagrams. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Translate Problems: Two Variables
The learner will be able to translate a given real-world scenario (delivered orally or in a written prompt) into an equation or inequality with two variables, use order of operations to solve the equation, and apply inverse operations to check the answer. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Solution Methods: Equation/Inequality
The learner will be able to solve real world situations by using linear equations, inequalities, and multiple representations. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Missing Elements
The learner will be able to determine how to solve for an unknown variable when given the problem in written form. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Order of Operations: Decimals
The learner will be able to determine the correct order of operations for an equation containing decimal numbers. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Order of Operations: Integers
The learner will be able to determine the correct order of operations for an equation containing integers. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Order of Operations: Exponents
The learner will be able to determine the correct order of operations for an exponential equation. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Properties: Distributive
The learner will be able to solve a problem requiring the application of the distributive property. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Properties
The learner will be able to identify and apply the following properties of addition and multiplication: multiplication by 0, distributive, associative, reciprocal, adding like terms, property of opposites, commutative, and order of operations. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Properties: Identify Uses
The learner will be able to identify the use of properties in solving a problem. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Equations: Addition/Subtraction
The learner will be able to use addition or subtraction in one variable equations to determine the value of the variable. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Equations: Multiplication/Division
The learner will be able to use multiplication or division in one variable equations to determine the value of the variable. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Equations: Errors
The learner will be able to identify errors or incorrect steps in solving an equation. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Diagrams with Equations
The learner will be able to use a diagram to demonstrate the meaning of a given equation. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Equations: Writing
The learner will be able to develop and write equations based on word problems. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Number Relation Problems
The learner will be able to translate sentences into algebraic equations and solve the equations. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Equations: Two Variables
The learner will be able to solve for the value of a variable in two variable equations. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Inequalities
The learner will be able to solve for the value of a variable given in an inequality and as shown on a graph by manipulating the inequality correctly. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Inequalities: Writing
The learner will be able to write inequalities for real-world scenario problems. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Absolute Value
The learner will be able to evaluate expressions, apply the definition of absolute value, recognize absolute value expressions on number lines, and solve equations by finding the solution sets. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Absolute Value Problems
The learner will be able to solve absolute value problems. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Expressions: Addition/Subtraction
The learner will be able to use addition or subtraction in one variable expressions and equations and determine the number sentence for a written expression. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Expressions: Multiplication/Division
The learner will be able to use multiplication or division in one variable expressions and equations and determine the number sentence for a written expression. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Expressions: Evaluating/Simplifying
The learner will be able to simplify expressions, apply the rules regarding order of operations, and evaluate expressions with one or two unknown variables. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Expressions with Exponents: Analyzing
The learner will be able to analyze expressions with exponents. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Polynomials/Equations: Represent
The learner will be able to use manipulatives and geometric area models to represent equations and polynomials. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Polynomials: Addition/Subtraction
The learner will be able to identify and justify each step and rule of adding and subtracting polynomials. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Polynomials: Multiplication
The learner will be able to translate sentences into numerical equations including monomials and binomials. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Polynomials: Division
The learner will be able to divide both monomials and polynomials. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Radicals: Addition/Subtraction
The learner will be able to combine radical terms, find the simplest radical form, and approximate square roots.
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Quadratic Equations: Real World
The learner will be able to solve quadratic equations in real world situations. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Exponents: Multiplying
The learner will be able to multiply two whole numbers with different exponents. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Exponents: Dividing
The learner will be able to divide 2 whole numbers with different exponents. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Exponential Numbers: Multiply
The learner will be able to multiply exponential numbers that have the same base and integer exponents. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Exponential Numbers: Divide
The learner will be able to divide exponential numbers that have the same base and whole number exponents. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Exponential Equations
The learner will be able to solve equations involving exponents. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Inverse Operations: Variable
The learner will be able to apply inverse operations by identifying equivalent expressions with one unknown variable. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Identify Question
The learner will be able to identify the question that is represented in a number sentence. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Variable/Expression/Equation
The learner will be able to comprehend the concepts of variable, expression, and equation. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Proving Theorems
The learner will be able to use mathematical structures such as field properties to prove elementary theorems (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Equality/Inequality/Expression: Problems
The learner will be able to solve story problems involving equations, inequalities, and expressions. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Solving Equations/Inequalities
The learner will be able to solve a system of 2 first degree equations or an inequality with 2 variables in a real world situation. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Equality/Inequality: Solution Methods
The learner will be able to use technology (i.e., calculators), matrices, and graphing to solve systems of 2 first degree equations or inequalities with 2 variables in real world situations. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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Factoring
The learner will be able to factor trinomials, find the difference of two squares, find missing terms which complete perfect square trinomials, find the length and width of a rectangle when given the area (a trinomial), identify deductive arguments based on principles of factoring, describe the inverse relationship between multiplying polynomials and factoring, and use combined types of factoring. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6 4.11).
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| Data Interpretation |
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The Data Interpretation Unit includes Competencies/Objectives which focus on the study and use of graphical forms. The Data Interpretation Unit includes data collection and classification, organization and display of data, logical reasoning and problem solving. This unit includes presenting data in graphical forms and interpreting data given in graphical forms. |
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Diagram: Problem Solving
The learner will be able to solve real-world problems using diagrams, (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.6).
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| Functions |
| This unit includes exploring polynomial, rational, exponential, logarithmic, trigonometric, and circular functions. The Functions Unit includes exploring polynomial, rational, exponential, logarithmic, trigonometric, and circular functions. |
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Functions/Relations: Types
The learner will be able to identify correct methods for discerning functions and relations, find the value of a variable which will make a relation not a function, describe how functions and relations appear on graphs, identify linear functions and their traits, translate sentences into coordinate points for relations and functions, and recognize functions described in sentences. (NJCCCS 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5).
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Function Notation: Reasoning
The learner will be able to use functional notation to justify arguments, and to judge the reasonableness of a given solution. (NJCCCS 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5).
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Function Notation
The learner will be able to review and evaluate a sample student's work, give directions regarding the use of functional notation, understand the formula f(x) = y, find the range of a function, and calculate the values of unknown variables by substitution. (NJCCCS 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5).
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Connecting: Functions
The learner will be able to explore the interrelationships of mathematical functions using tables, graphs, and equations, focusing on the interrelationships, and not on exploring functions as isolated phenomena. (NJCCCS 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5).
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Represent/Translate: Functions
The learner will be able to demonstrate an understanding of functional relationships by applying functional notation to mapping, tables, graphs, and inverse functions, by translating representations of functions from these forms, by analyzing functional relationships, and by articulating how changing one element of functions alters all other elements of functions. (NJCCCS 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5).
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Absolute Value/Quadratic Functions
The learner will be able to examine absolute value and quadratic functions to compare and relate their representations within graph, table, and algebraic form. (NJCCCS 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5).
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| Geometry |
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The Geometry Unit includes Competencies/Objectives which focus on exploring geometric concepts from multiple perspectives. The Geometry Unit includes properties and construction of figures, proofs and theorems, history of geometry, transformations, logic, and problem solving. This unit includes exploring geometric concepts from multiple perspectives. |
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Connecting: Geometry/Algebra
The learner will be able to apply geometric concepts to solve problems in algebra by determining equations of a line (given the graph of the line), by solving quadratic equations through graphing, by solving systems of equations through graphing, by analyzing range, domain, odd/even, relation-functions, zeros of a function, and x and y intercepts, and by exploring number sentence relationships (numerical coefficients, slopes, and the y and x intercepts) (NJCCCS 4.2, 4.4, 4.6).
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Connecting: Geometry/Algebra
The learner will be able to demonstrate the ability to make connections between algebra and geometry by determining the relationships between number sentences and lines on the Cartesian plane (numerical coefficients, slopes, y-intercepts). (NJCCCS 4.2, 4.4, 4.6).
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Line Segments: Properties
The learner will be able to apply the basic properties of line segments. (NJCCCS 4.2, 4.4, 4.6).
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| Integers |
| This unit includes comparing integers, performing operations with integers, converting integers to other number forms, using manipulatives to demonstrate integers, and solving problems with integers in real-world contexts. |
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Adding: Integer Fractions
The learner will be able to add integer fractions with the same denominator. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.6).
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Subtraction: Integer Fractions
The learner will be able to subtract integer fractions with the same denominator. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.6).
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Integers: Understanding
The learner will be able to compare integers with ordering symbols (<, >, =) and with phrases. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.6).
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Integers: Number Lines
The learner will be able to interpret real-world scenarios involving integers presented on number lines. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.6).
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Integer: Missing Element
The learner will be able to identify the missing element in an integer equation.
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Multiplying: Integer Fractions
The learner will be able to multiply integer fractions. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.6).
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Division: Integer Fractions
The learner will be able to divide integer fractions. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.6).
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Problem Solving: Integers
The learner will be able to solve story problems requiring the addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of integers, and determine the operations necessary to solve the problems without being cued. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.6).
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Number Sense: Uses of Integers
The learner will be able to talk and write about the uses of integers. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.6).
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| Number Theory |
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The Number Theory Unit focuses on manipulating number forms and classifications. Students make connections between number forms and their real-world applications. This unit includes manipulating number forms and classifications. Students make connections between number forms and their real-world applications. The Number Theory Unit focuses on manipulating number forms and classifications. Students make connections between number forms and their real-world applications. |
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Number Forms
The learner will be able to discuss why a certain number form is used to solve a certain problem. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4,2, 4.6).
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Proportion Story Problems
The learner will be able to use proportional reasoning to solve story problems. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4,2, 4.6).
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Primes/Composites: Application
The learner will be able to apply primes and composites in problem solving situations. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4,2, 4.6).
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Factoring: Represent
The learner will be able to use manipulatives, pictures, and technology to factor polynomials. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4,2, 4.6).
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Prime/Factor/Multiple/Divisibility: Uses
The learner will be able to discover the properties of primes, factors, multiples, and divisibility to use in solving real world problems. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4,2, 4.6).
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