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Chester Township Public Schools Mathematics The National Council of Teachers of Mathematics Curriculum and Evaluation Standards provide educators with goals for school mathematics and guidelines for achieving these goals. The fifty-four standards are presented as a vision for school mathematics based on societal goals, student goals, research on teaching and learning, and professional guidelines. Grade 2 The Foundations of Learning curriculum provides objectives for second grade students. |
| Algebraic Concepts |
| The Algebraic Concepts Unit includes Competencies/Objectives which focus on algebraic equations and operations. This unit includes studying number systems, operations, and forms. Students explore the symbolic nature of algebraic concepts by identifying and extending patterns in algebra, by following algebraic procedures, and by proving theorems with properties. |
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Number Sense: Manipulatives
The learner will be able to use manipulatives to demonstrate the following algebraic concepts: sets, elements of sets (a different shaped or colored manipulative can be used to represent a set of manipulatives), equal sets, variables representing unequal values (specific manipulatives can be used to equal five of another kind of manipulative), and the symbolic nature of algebra. (NJCCCS 4.2, 4.3).
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Identify Sentence: Picture
The learner will be able to determine the number sentence depicted in a picture. (NJCCCS 4.2, 4.3).
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Fact Families: Components
The learner will be able to identify all of the components completing a fact family. (NJCCCS 4.2, 4.3).
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Properties: Missing Number
The learner will be able to identify the missing number in an equation. (NJCCCS 4.2, 4.3).
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Verify Computation
The learner will be able to verify correct computation of another student's work. (NJCCCS 4.2, 4.3).
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Equalities/Inequalities: Represent
The learner will be able to use manipulatives to represent equalities and inequalities. (NJCCCS 4.2, 4.3).
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| Data Interpretation |
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The Data Interpretation Unit includes Competencies/Objectives which focus on the study and use of graphical forms. The Data Interpretation Unit includes data collection and classification, organization and display of data, logical reasoning and problem solving. This unit includes presenting data in graphical forms and interpreting data given in graphical forms. |
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Data Collection
The learner will be able to discuss problems with and solutions for various ways of collecting data. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2).
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Analyzing: Graphical Forms
The learner will be able to demonstrate the ability to interpret graphical forms (tables, charts, graphs, diagrams, etc.) of data by transferring information from one graphical form to another. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2).
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Bar Graph: Plot Data
The learner will be able to plot data on a bar graph that already has a scale and axis labels. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2).
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Bar Graphs: Identify/Compare
The learner will be able to identify or compare amounts in a bar graph. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2).
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Pictographs: Identify
The learner will be able to identify data on a simple pictograph. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2).
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Chart/Graph: Labels/Interpret
The learner will be able to understand labels given on graphs, tables, and charts. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2).
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Table: Compare
The learner will be able to read and compare information in a table. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2).
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Graphs: Construct
The learner will be able to construct graphs recording information in tables, bar graphs, line graphs, and pictographs. (NJCCCS 4.2, 4.3).
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| Fractions |
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The Fractions Unit includes Competencies/Objectives which focus on number sense and operations with fractions. The Fractions Unit includes comparison, ordering, fractions parts, estimation, reasoning and problem solving. This unit includes comparing fractions, performing computations with fractions, converting fractions to other number forms, using manipulatives to demonstrate fractions, and solving problems with fractions in real-world contexts. |
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Division: Equal Parts
The learner will be able to solve a problem requiring the division of an object into equal parts. (NJCCCS 4.6).
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Fraction Parts: Equal Parts/Represent
The learner will be able to divide a given shape into equal parts. (NJCCCS 4.6).
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Fraction Parts: Part of a Whole
The learner will be able to identify parts of a whole (including 1/2, 1/3, and 1/4). (NJCCCS 4.6).
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Fraction Parts: Unit/Represent
The learner will be able to use manipulatives and pictures to show unit fractions. (NJCCCS 4.6).
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| Geometry |
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The Geometry Unit includes Competencies/Objectives which focus on exploring geometric concepts from multiple perspectives. The Geometry Unit includes properties and construction of figures, proofs and theorems, history of geometry, transformations, logic, and problem solving. This unit includes exploring geometric concepts from multiple perspectives. |
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Patterns: Analyzing Visual
The learner will be able to analyze visual patterns in geometric figures by exploring how placing different figures on different sized backgrounds in rows creates different combinations of figures within each row. (NJCCCS 4.7).
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Spatial Thinking: Manipulatives
The learner will be able to practice modeling, drawing, and explaining shapes and their properties using manipulatives and exploring the shapes in a real-world context. (NJCCCS 4.7).
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Shapes: Visualize
The learner will be able to visualize a 2 dimensional figure given a description. (NJCCCS 4.7).
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Figures: Relationships
The learner will be able to identify size, shape, and/or position relationships among various objects. (NJCCCS 4.7).
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Figures: Orally Described
The learner will be able to identify an object based on an oral description. (NJCCCS 4.7).
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Figures: Real World Shapes
The learner will be able to identify shapes in real world objects and drawings. (NJCCCS 4.7).
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Figures: Classify/Attributes
The learner will be able to identify geometric attributes used for classification of figures. (NJCCCS 4.7).
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Figures: Terms
The learner will be able to apply the following geometric terms in discussing and comparing figures and shapes: congruent, area, perimeter, and volume. (NJCCCS 4.7).
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Symmetry
The learner will be able to determine if a given shape is symmetrical. (NJCCCS 4.7).
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| Measurement |
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The Measurement Unit includes Competencies/Objectives which focus on measurement concepts, applications, and analysis. The Measurement Unit includes concepts of length, area, circumference, perimeter, volume, weight, formulas, distance, calendar, money, tools, accuracy, units, constructions, patterns and problem solving. This unit includes experimenting with formal, informal, customary, and metric units of measurement, and distinguishing between situations which call for exact measurement and those which call for estimation. |
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Problem Solving: Manipulatives
The learner will be able to listen to or read a given scenario involving measurement, and articulate how the problem can be solved using manipulatives. (NJCCCS 4.9, 4.10).
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Communicating: Measurement Concepts
The learner will be able to use measurement terms, articulate how and when measurement is used in real-world situations, and give examples of situations which call for either estimation or exact measurement. (NJCCCS 4.9, 4.10).
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Problem Solving
The learner will be able to solve story problems dealing with measurement. (NJCCCS 4.9, 4.10).
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Calendar: Days
The learner will be able to identify positions of the days of the week. (NJCCCS 4.2).
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Calendar: Time Passage/Relating
The learner will be able to discuss the passage of calendar time (days, weeks, months, and years) in relation to personal experiences. (NJCCCS 4.2).
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Calendar: Sequence
The learner will be able to identify chronological sequence within calendar time. (NJCCCS 4.2).
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Calendar: Read
The learner will be able to identify the day of the week, the month, and the year by reading a calendar. (NJCCCS 4.2).
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Calendar: Convert Weeks/Days
The learner will be able to convert time between weeks and days. (NJCCCS 4.2).
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Length: Ruler
The learner will be able to accurately read the appropriate scale on a ruler. (NJCCCS 4.9, 4.10).
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Time: Quarter Hour
The learner will be able to tell time to the nearest quarter hour. (NJCCCS 4.2).
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Time: Rounding/Quarter Hour
The learner will be able to round time to the nearest quarter hour. (NJCCCS 4.9, 4.10).
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Money: Equivalent Values
The learner will be able to determine an equivalent value of money given a specific amount. (NJCCCS 4.1).
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Money: Add Coins
The learner will be able to determine correct number of coins needed to purchase an item. (NJCCCS 4.1).
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Temperature: Terms
The learner will be able to compare temperatures using terms such as warmer than, cooler than, etc. (NJCCCS 4.9, 4.10).
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Weight: Metric Instrument
The learner will be able to measure an object's weight using the appropriate metric instrument. (NJCCCS 4.9, 4.10).
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Mass/Capacity: Measuring
The learner will be able to measure mass and capacity using both metric and standard units. (NJCCCS 4.9, 4.10).
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Measurement: Speak/Write
The learner will be able to talk and write about measurement. (NJCCCS 4.2).
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Measuring: Rounding
The learner will be able to round measurements to the nearest whole unit to the nearest "10". (NJCCCS 4.10).
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Area of a Square: Using Models
The learner will be able to use models to find the area of a square. (NJCCCS 4.1).
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Estimate Measurements: Metric/Standard
The learner will be able to estimate length, weight, temperature, and capacity using both metric and standard units. (NJCCCS 4.9, 4.10).
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Conversion: Metric/Application
The learner will be able to apply metric conversion skills (converting within the metric system) to solve real-world application problems. (NJCCCS 4.9, 4.10).
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| Number Theory |
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The Number Theory Unit focuses on manipulating number forms and classifications. Students make connections between number forms and their real-world applications. This unit includes manipulating number forms and classifications. Students make connections between number forms and their real-world applications. The Number Theory Unit focuses on manipulating number forms and classifications. Students make connections between number forms and their real-world applications. |
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Number Forms: Nature of Different Forms
The learner will be able to investigate numbers by engaging in activities which address the nature of different number forms, how different operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division) manipulate numbers, and which require the student to formulate analysis level questions. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.4).
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One-to-one Correspondence
The learner will be able to identify group showing a specific quantity. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.4).
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Place Value: Ten's Place
The learner will be able to determine the place value of a number in the ten's place. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.4).
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Place Value: Equivalent Forms
The learner will be able to identify equivalent values of numbers written with irregularly grouped units, such as 16 tens and 11 ones being equal to 171. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.4).
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Odd/Even: Identifying to 20
The learner will be able to identify odd and even numbers up to 20. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.4).
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Number Sense: Represent/Less Than 1000
The learner will be able to use manipulatives to find the size, position, and order of numbers less than 1000. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.4).
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| Numeration |
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The Numeration Unit focuses on exploring ordinality, identifying and extending number patterns, comparing numbers, and demonstrating number relationships. This unit includes exploring ordinality, identifying and extending number patterns, comparing numbers, and demonstrating number relationships. The Numeration Unit focuses on exploring ordinality, identifying and extending number patterns, comparing numbers, and demonstrating number relationships. |
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Pattern: Problem Solving
The learner will be able to solve problems by recognizing and extending pictorial, concrete, and numerical patterns. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2).
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Number Values: Manipulatives
The learner will be able to demonstrate a conceptualization of number values and how these values relate to each other by using manipulatives (articulating how adding or taking away specific manipulatives changes the quantity of the remaining manipulatives), and see numbers in terms of what they represent (in quantity, values, etc.) in context. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2).
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Pattern: Relationship
The learner will be able to determine the relationship (a pattern) between the numbers in two separate columns. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2).
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Pattern: Geometric Shapes
The learner will be able to identify the next shape in a geometric pattern. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.7).
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Pattern: Evaluate/Represent
The learner will be able to use manipulatives to evaluate and complete patterns, utilizing shape, size, and rotation. (NJCCCS 4.1).
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Greater Than/Less Than
The learner will be able to determine which of two numbers is greater than or less than the other. (NJCCCS 4.1).
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Counting: Word Names
The learner will be able to identify the word name for a missing number in a given counting series. (NJCCCS 4.1).
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Counting: Forward/Backward
The learner will be able to start with any three digit number and count forward or backward by ones. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2).
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Counting: Problem Solving
The learner will be able to solve problems using counting. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2).
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Symbolic/Concrete Patterns: Creating
The learner will be able to create concrete and symbolic patterns. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.7).
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Skip Counting: 25's, 50's, 100's
The learner will be able to skip count by 25's, 50's, and 100's.
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Pattern: Missing Element Position
The learner will be able to determine the correct place of a missing element in a numerical pattern. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2).
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Ordering: 1-100
The learner will be able to order numbers from 1 to 100. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2).
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Ordering: Whole Numbers
The learner will be able to order whole numbers in the correct sequence. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2).
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Estimate Size: Represent
The learner will be able to use manipulatives and pictures to estimate relative size. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.5).
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Estimate Sum: Whole Numbers
The learner will be able to estimate sums of whole numbers. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2).
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Estimate Difference: Whole Numbers
The learner will be able to estimate subtraction problems using whole numbers. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2).
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Estimation: Justify
The learner will be able to give a justification for the reasonableness of an estimate. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2).
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Rounding: Tens
The learner will be able to round whole numbers to the nearest ten. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.8).
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Mental Math
The learner will be able to use mental arithmetic and calculators to find sums, differences, and products. (NJCCCS 4.1, 4.2, 4.8).
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| Probability/Statistics |
| This unit includes collecting, analyzing, and making sense of real-world data (including overlapping data, inconclusive data, etc.). The Probability/Statistics Unit focuses on data analysis and probability concepts. This unit includes collecting, analyzing, and making sense of real-world data (including overlapping data, inconclusive data, etc. |
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Data: Problem Analysis
The learner will be able to listen to a given real-world scenario problem involving probability and statistics, describe the problem the scenario presents, collect or list the necessary data, and refer to the data to make predictions about how the problem can be solved. (NJCCCS 4.3, 4.7, 4.12).
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Data: Unclear
The learner will be able to deal with real-world problems which don't have clear cut answers, including adding outlying data to graphs or diagrams which represent conclusions. (NJCCCS 4.3, 4.7, 4.12).
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Communicating: Pictograms
The learner will be able to create pictograms which convey information such as the following about the class: how much milk did the class drink in one week, how many hours were spent sleeping by the entire class in one week, etc. (NJCCCS 4.3, 4.7, 4.12).
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Data Analysis: Solutions
The learner will be able to listen to a given real-world scenario problem involving probability and statistics, describe the problem the scenario presents, formulate a hypothesis, collect the necessary data, create graphs to organize the collected data, and refer to the graphs to make predictions about how the problem can be solved. (NJCCCS 4.3, 4.7, 4.12).
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